Description
Swedish Livonia, consisting of parts of modern Estonia and Latvia was part of the short-lived Swedish Baltic Empire, it’s capital Riga was the second largest city in the empire. Swedish rule started in 1621 and ended with Peter the Great of Russia’s, conquest of the territory, formalized by the 1721, Treaty of Nystad. Charles devoted much of his life to avoiding warfare and gaining Sweden larger independence in foreign affairs, he promoted economic stabilization and a reorganization of the military. The last 20 years of his reign were the longest period of peace of the Swedish Empire enjoyed.